Preoperative nutrition status in children with congenital heart disease and its impact on postoperative outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
In their systematic review and meta-analysis, Qalab Abbas, Haider Ali, Akash Kumar Ahuja, Omaima Anis Bhatti, Shamila Ladak, Iraj Khan, Abdul Rehman, Shazia Mohsin, Ibrahim Shah, Aneela Ilyas, and Laila Akbar Ladak analyzed data from over 83,000 children across 21 studies to determine how preoperative nutritional status impacts recovery after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery. The authors found that malnourished children experienced significantly worse postoperative outcomes, including longer hospital stays (SMD 0.49 days), extended ICU admissions (SMD 0.51 days), and prolonged mechanical ventilation time (SMD 0.46 hours), along with higher surgical risk scores (OR 1.72). However, the analysis showed no statistically significant difference between malnourished and well-nourished children regarding mortality (OR 1.82) or postoperative infection rates (OR 1.27). The researchers conclude that while being underweight before surgery does not definitively increase death risk, it clearly
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